The average cumulative radiation dose to populations living in areas with low-level contamination (various regions of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine) over a 20-year period after the accident was estimated to be about 9 mSv. There was low-level contamination from Chernobyl as far away as Europe, Asia, and even (to a lesser extent) in North America. More than 30 workers and emergency responders died within a few months of the accident, and many more developed acute radiation sickness. People working at the Chernobyl plant received significantly more. For comparison, the typical dose from a single CT scan is between 4 and 8 mSv. Some of these injuries to patients are the result of accidents or improper use but sometimes, in more complex cases, appropriate use of such procedures may cause unavoidable radiation-induced complications and tissue reactions.īy contrast, the average dose to the approximately 115,000 people who were evacuated from the area near the Chernobyl plant was about 30 mSv. Radiation injuries have also occurred to patients receiving radiation therapy and certain medical procedures that are guided by a pulsed x-ray beam that shows a moving x-ray image on a screen (fluoroscopy). Radiation exposure has also occurred from lost or stolen medical or industrial sources containing large amounts of radioactive material. These accidents are rare and typically result from failure to follow safety procedures. Such workers may receive significant doses of radiation. Typically, radiation accidents involve people who work with radioactive materials and with x-ray sources, such as food irradiators, industrial radiography sources, and x-ray machines. However, these exposures represent a minor part of most people’s annual exposure. However, every effort is made to deliver the radiation only to diseased tissues and to minimize the radiation to normal tissues.Įxposure also occurs from other manufactured sources, such as radiation accidents and fallout from previous nuclear weapons testing. read more may receive very high doses of radiation. People who are receiving radiation treatments for cancer Radiation Therapy for Cancer Radiation is a form of intense energy generated by a radioactive substance, such as cobalt, or by specialized equipment, such as an atomic particle (linear) accelerator. A radionuclide is a radioactive form of an element, which means it is an unstable atom that becomes more stable by releasing. read more ) or involve giving radioactive substance (particularly cardiac nuclear medicine scans Radionuclide Scanning In radionuclide scanning, radionuclides are used to produce images. In modern scanners, the x-ray detector usually. Most people’s exposure to sources of manufactured radiation involves medical imaging tests that use x-rays (particularly computed tomography Computed Tomography (CT) In computed tomography (CT), which used to be called computed axial tomography (CAT), an x-ray source and x-ray detector rotate around a person.
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